Benchmark Context

Date: 2025-12-04T17:50:34+00:00
Commit: 33f98c9658d4b48463eba7b3e8dd06ffe5a8f8ee
Runner: Github Actions Ubuntu Virtual machine (16 GB RAM, SSD Storage, x64)
#CPU: Our benchmarks are single threaded
CPU mhz: 3243

Big Number

Operation \ Bit Length

256

512

1024

2048

4096

Mod Add

0.08 μs

Name	Core/BN/ModAdd/256
Real Time	75.22
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	9278272

0.08 μs

Name	Core/BN/ModAdd/512
Real Time	83.78
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	8344662

0.11 μs

Name	Core/BN/ModAdd/1024
Real Time	111.39
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	6272110

0.19 μs

Name	Core/BN/ModAdd/2048
Real Time	189.57
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	3785186

0.29 μs

Name	Core/BN/ModAdd/4096
Real Time	286.65
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	2443082

Mod Sub

0.06 μs

Name	Core/BN/ModSubtract/256
Real Time	60.14
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	11652736

0.07 μs

Name	Core/BN/ModSubtract/512
Real Time	72.03
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	9712865

0.11 μs

Name	Core/BN/ModSubtract/1024
Real Time	108.45
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	6473368

0.18 μs

Name	Core/BN/ModSubtract/2048
Real Time	183.32
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	3820420

0.33 μs

Name	Core/BN/ModSubtract/4096
Real Time	327.21
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	2148209

Mod Mul

0.15 μs

Name	Core/BN/ModMultiply/256
Real Time	152.16
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	4601914

0.30 μs

Name	Core/BN/ModMultiply/512
Real Time	295.13
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	2377733

0.85 μs

Name	Core/BN/ModMultiply/1024
Real Time	853.51
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	821515

2.89 μs

Name	Core/BN/ModMultiply/2048
Real Time	2885.65
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	242627

11.52 μs

Name	Core/BN/ModMultiply/4096
Real Time	11515.01
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	60827

Mod Exponentiate

16.31 μs

Name	Core/BN/ModExponentiate/256
Real Time	16306.15
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	42913

41.89 μs

Name	Core/BN/ModExponentiate/512
Real Time	41894.23
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	16695

310.91 μs

Name	Core/BN/ModExponentiate/1024
Real Time	310908.03
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	2244

2211.59 μs

Name	Core/BN/ModExponentiate/2048
Real Time	2211586.93
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	301

16519.91 μs

Name	Core/BN/ModExponentiate/4096
Real Time	16519906.69
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	42

Mod Invert

17.85 μs

Name	Core/BN/ModInvert/256
Real Time	17853.81
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	39215

37.58 μs

Name	Core/BN/ModInvert/512
Real Time	37578.02
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	18616

87.21 μs

Name	Core/BN/ModInvert/1024
Real Time	87206.66
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	8005

223.32 μs

Name	Core/BN/ModInvert/2048
Real Time	223322.94
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	3134

691.20 μs

Name	Core/BN/ModInvert/4096
Real Time	691202.04
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	1014

GCD

23.45 μs

Name	Core/BN/GCD/256
Real Time	23453.99
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	30965

51.10 μs

Name	Core/BN/GCD/512
Real Time	51101.29
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	13877

127.59 μs

Name	Core/BN/GCD/1024
Real Time	127592.11
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	5382

366.55 μs

Name	Core/BN/GCD/2048
Real Time	366548.72
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	1890

1204.47 μs

Name	Core/BN/GCD/4096
Real Time	1204469.88
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	576

GCD with RSA Modulus

22.88 μs

Name	Core/BN/GCD-RSA-Modulus/256
Real Time	22881.87
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	29775

51.02 μs

Name	Core/BN/GCD-RSA-Modulus/512
Real Time	51015.96
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	13798

128.35 μs

Name	Core/BN/GCD-RSA-Modulus/1024
Real Time	128351.48
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	5503

370.57 μs

Name	Core/BN/GCD-RSA-Modulus/2048
Real Time	370572.76
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	1898

1200.42 μs

Name	Core/BN/GCD-RSA-Modulus/4096
Real Time	1200424.76
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	583

Batch(16) GCD with RSA Modulus

25.57 μs

Name	Core/BN/GCD-Batch(16)RSA-Modulus/256
Real Time	25568.29
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	27043

55.52 μs

Name	Core/BN/GCD-Batch(16)RSA-Modulus/512
Real Time	55522.63
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	12457

141.95 μs

Name	Core/BN/GCD-Batch(16)RSA-Modulus/1024
Real Time	141953.94
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	4922

414.75 μs

Name	Core/BN/GCD-Batch(16)RSA-Modulus/2048
Real Time	414754.83
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	1707

1378.98 μs

Name	Core/BN/GCD-Batch(16)RSA-Modulus/4096
Real Time	1378982.41
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	505

Elliptic Curve

Operation \ Curve

secp256k1

Ed25519

Add

0.36 μs

Name	Core/EC/Add/secp256k1
Real Time	356.67
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	1959148

0.31 μs

Name	Core/EC/Add/Ed25519
Real Time	306.87
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	2276950

Add (Constant Time)

0.35 μs

Name	Core/EC/Add_CT/secp256k1
Real Time	350.76
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	1988036

0.31 μs

Name	Core/EC/Add_CT/Ed25519
Real Time	312.02
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	2240072

Multiply

41.64 μs

Name	Core/EC/Multiply/secp256k1
Real Time	41640.29
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	16835

63.82 μs

Name	Core/EC/Multiply/Ed25519
Real Time	63823.81
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	11019

Multiply (Variable Time)

33.02 μs

Name	Core/EC/Multiply_VT/secp256k1
Real Time	33024.75
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	21665

63.65 μs

Name	Core/EC/Multiply_VT/Ed25519
Real Time	63646.47
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10877

Multiply Generator

19.94 μs

Name	Core/EC/Multiply_G/secp256k1
Real Time	19937.23
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	35090

14.24 μs

Name	Core/EC/Multiply_G/Ed25519
Real Time	14241.74
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	49207

Multipliply Generator (Variable Time)

20.11 μs

Name	Core/EC/Multiply_G_VT/secp256k1
Real Time	20114.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	35052

7.36 μs

Name	Core/EC/Multiply_G_VT/Ed25519
Real Time	7360.09
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	92359

MulAdd

62.31 μs

Name	Core/EC/MulAdd/secp256k1
Real Time	62311.54
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	11336

78.54 μs

Name	Core/EC/MulAdd/Ed25519
Real Time	78540.30
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	8905

Symmetric

Operation \ #Blocks

256

1024

4096

SHA256

0.31 μs

Name	Core/Hash/SHA256/1
Real Time	314.84
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	2219909

0.31 μs

Name	Core/Hash/SHA256/4
Real Time	312.60
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	2233136

0.31 μs

Name	Core/Hash/SHA256/16
Real Time	309.12
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	2264225

0.35 μs

Name	Core/Hash/SHA256/64
Real Time	347.71
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	2013445

0.46 μs

Name	Core/Hash/SHA256/256
Real Time	462.62
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	1510229

0.95 μs

Name	Core/Hash/SHA256/1024
Real Time	945.96
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	743052

2.88 μs

Name	Core/Hash/SHA256/4096
Real Time	2877.25
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	243464

HMAC-SHA256

0.31 μs

Name	Core/Hash/HMAC-SHA256/1
Real Time	314.69
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	2229068

0.31 μs

Name	Core/Hash/HMAC-SHA256/4
Real Time	312.34
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	2243602

0.31 μs

Name	Core/Hash/HMAC-SHA256/16
Real Time	310.25
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	2263080

0.35 μs

Name	Core/Hash/HMAC-SHA256/64
Real Time	345.75
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	2024284

0.46 μs

Name	Core/Hash/HMAC-SHA256/256
Real Time	462.44
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	1512244

0.94 μs

Name	Core/Hash/HMAC-SHA256/1024
Real Time	943.80
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	741189

2.87 μs

Name	Core/Hash/HMAC-SHA256/4096
Real Time	2871.55
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	243583

AES-GCM-128

0.68 μs

Name	Core/Hash/AES-GCM-128/1
Real Time	682.58
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	1028444

0.69 μs

Name	Core/Hash/AES-GCM-128/4
Real Time	686.28
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	1023136

0.69 μs

Name	Core/Hash/AES-GCM-128/16
Real Time	686.83
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	1021197

0.70 μs

Name	Core/Hash/AES-GCM-128/64
Real Time	698.45
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	1006722

0.74 μs

Name	Core/Hash/AES-GCM-128/256
Real Time	743.25
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	939000

0.95 μs

Name	Core/Hash/AES-GCM-128/1024
Real Time	945.33
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	742841

1.65 μs

Name	Core/Hash/AES-GCM-128/4096
Real Time	1652.58
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	423249

AES-GCM-256

0.69 μs

Name	Core/Hash/AES-GCM-256/1
Real Time	685.26
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	1024471

0.69 μs

Name	Core/Hash/AES-GCM-256/4
Real Time	686.38
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	1020884

0.69 μs

Name	Core/Hash/AES-GCM-256/16
Real Time	685.02
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	988332

0.70 μs

Name	Core/Hash/AES-GCM-256/64
Real Time	700.60
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	1006235

0.75 μs

Name	Core/Hash/AES-GCM-256/256
Real Time	745.62
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	921939

0.95 μs

Name	Core/Hash/AES-GCM-256/1024
Real Time	946.81
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	732361

1.66 μs

Name	Core/Hash/AES-GCM-256/4096
Real Time	1659.33
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	422862

ElGamal Commitment

Operation \ Curve

secp256k1

Ed25519

Trusted Key Gen

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

Commit

82.91 μs

Name	BP/ElGamal/Commit/3
Real Time	82913.84
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	8456

94.53 μs

Name	BP/ElGamal/Commit/4
Real Time	94525.92
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	7394

Rerand

62.49 μs

Name	BP/ElGamal/Rerand/3
Real Time	62487.95
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	11203

78.97 μs

Name	BP/ElGamal/Rerand/4
Real Time	78974.90
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	8880

Add

0.76 μs

Name	BP/ElGamal/Add/3
Real Time	757.41
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	925295

0.66 μs

Name	BP/ElGamal/Add/4
Real Time	658.42
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	1045769

Add Scalar

20.36 μs

Name	BP/ElGamal/AddScalar/3
Real Time	20363.50
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	34369

7.70 μs

Name	BP/ElGamal/AddScalar/4
Real Time	7696.50
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	91110

Mul Scalar

83.33 μs

Name	BP/ElGamal/MulScalar/3
Real Time	83332.84
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	8379

128.08 μs

Name	BP/ElGamal/MulScalar/4
Real Time	128083.36
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	5484

Paillier

Operation \ Bit length

2048 bits

Generate Key

62.15 ms

Name	BP/Paillier/Gen
Real Time	62151145.40
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

Encrypt (with private key)

4.51 ms

Name	BP/Paillier/Enc
Real Time	4514769.90
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	155

Encrypt

8.58 ms

Name	BP/Paillier/Pub-Enc
Real Time	8583076.21
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	82

Decrypt

4.51 ms

Name	BP/Paillier/Dec
Real Time	4508410.92
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	155

Addition

0.01 ms

Name	BP/Paillier/Add
Real Time	11576.35
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	60463

Add-Scalar

0.01 ms

Name	BP/Paillier/Add-Scalar
Real Time	13429.52
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	52125

Mul-Scalar

8.32 ms

Name	BP/Paillier/Mul-Scalar
Real Time	8316635.45
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	84

TDH2

n / plaintext size

4, 256

30, 256

4, 65536

30, 65536

Encrypt

190.44 μs

Name	tdh2-encrypt-1P/4/256
Real Time	190436.16
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	3665

190.71 μs

Name	tdh2-encrypt-1P/30/256
Real Time	190712.73
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	3669

273.15 μs

Name	tdh2-encrypt-1P/4/65536
Real Time	273154.12
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	2570

273.16 μs

Name	tdh2-encrypt-1P/30/65536
Real Time	273160.56
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	2574

Verify

220.87 μs

Name	tdh2-verify-1P/4/256
Real Time	220866.18
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	3172

220.82 μs

Name	tdh2-verify-1P/30/256
Real Time	220816.69
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	2899

302.45 μs

Name	tdh2-verify-1P/4/65536
Real Time	302446.88
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	2898

321.93 μs

Name	tdh2-verify-1P/30/65536
Real Time	321933.84
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	2668

Local Decrypt

321.40 μs

Name	tdh2-local-decrypt-1P/4/256
Real Time	321397.02
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	2168

322.14 μs

Name	tdh2-local-decrypt-1P/30/256
Real Time	322137.76
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	2038

405.75 μs

Name	tdh2-local-decrypt-1P/4/65536
Real Time	405754.45
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	1925

384.99 μs

Name	tdh2-local-decrypt-1P/30/65536
Real Time	384985.82
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	1930

Combine

919.00 μs

Name	tdh2-combine-1P/4/256
Real Time	919002.86
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	747

5356.54 μs

Name	tdh2-combine-1P/30/256
Real Time	5356536.06
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	129

978.73 μs

Name	tdh2-combine-1P/4/65536
Real Time	978734.41
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	683

5545.33 μs

Name	tdh2-combine-1P/30/65536
Real Time	5545333.97
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	127

String

Bit Length

1024

2048

4096

8192

16384

32768

65536

131072

262144

DRBG-String

1.44 μs

Name	Crypto/DRBG/String/1024
Real Time	1444.09
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	492845

1.47 μs

Name	Crypto/DRBG/String/2048
Real Time	1467.78
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	478992

1.58 μs

Name	Crypto/DRBG/String/4096
Real Time	1579.79
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	446320

1.82 μs

Name	Crypto/DRBG/String/8192
Real Time	1823.54
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	385563

2.36 μs

Name	Crypto/DRBG/String/16384
Real Time	2364.78
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	293854

3.43 μs

Name	Crypto/DRBG/String/32768
Real Time	3432.46
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	201962

5.31 μs

Name	Crypto/DRBG/String/65536
Real Time	5311.34
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	130205

9.22 μs

Name	Crypto/DRBG/String/131072
Real Time	9222.76
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	74885

16.86 μs

Name	Crypto/DRBG/String/262144
Real Time	16864.37
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	42132

Number

Bit Length

256

512

1024

2048

4096

DRBG-Number

1.66 μs

Name	Crypto/DRBG/Number/256
Real Time	1664.32
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	411205

1.77 μs

Name	Crypto/DRBG/Number/512
Real Time	1770.32
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	394945

1.98 μs

Name	Crypto/DRBG/Number/1024
Real Time	1979.81
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	351883

2.36 μs

Name	Crypto/DRBG/Number/2048
Real Time	2363.20
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	296638

3.13 μs

Name	Crypto/DRBG/Number/4096
Real Time	3129.47
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	223718

Curve

secp256k1

Ed25519

DRBG-Curve

21.99 μs

Name	Crypto/DRBG/Curve/3
Real Time	21989.86
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	31846

16.42 μs

Name	Crypto/DRBG/Curve/4
Real Time	16424.12
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	42410

HMAC

#big number

Commit

2.72 μs

Name	Crypto/Commitment/ComBn/2
Real Time	2717.97
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	258617

2.99 μs

Name	Crypto/Commitment/ComBn/4
Real Time	2986.11
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	232731

3.27 μs

Name	Crypto/Commitment/ComBn/6
Real Time	3270.45
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	213044

3.51 μs

Name	Crypto/Commitment/ComBn/8
Real Time	3512.39
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	200447

3.80 μs

Name	Crypto/Commitment/ComBn/10
Real Time	3796.94
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	184350

4.01 μs

Name	Crypto/Commitment/ComBn/12
Real Time	4014.88
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	174166

4.28 μs

Name	Crypto/Commitment/ComBn/14
Real Time	4275.05
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	163855

4.53 μs

Name	Crypto/Commitment/ComBn/16
Real Time	4529.44
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	154018

4.79 μs

Name	Crypto/Commitment/ComBn/18
Real Time	4794.49
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	145722

5.06 μs

Name	Crypto/Commitment/ComBn/20
Real Time	5056.20
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	135605

Pedersen

Curve

secp256k1

Ed25519

Commit

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

ElGamal

Operation \ Curve

secp256k1

Ed25519

Trusted Key Gen

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

Commit

82.91 μs

Name	BP/ElGamal/Commit/3
Real Time	82913.84
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	8456

94.53 μs

Name	BP/ElGamal/Commit/4
Real Time	94525.92
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	7394

Rerand

62.49 μs

Name	BP/ElGamal/Rerand/3
Real Time	62487.95
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	11203

78.97 μs

Name	BP/ElGamal/Rerand/4
Real Time	78974.90
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	8880

Add

0.76 μs

Name	BP/ElGamal/Add/3
Real Time	757.41
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	925295

0.66 μs

Name	BP/ElGamal/Add/4
Real Time	658.42
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	1045769

Add Scalar

20.36 μs

Name	BP/ElGamal/AddScalar/3
Real Time	20363.50
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	34369

7.70 μs

Name	BP/ElGamal/AddScalar/4
Real Time	7696.50
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	91110

Mul Scalar

83.33 μs

Name	BP/ElGamal/MulScalar/3
Real Time	83332.84
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	8379

128.08 μs

Name	BP/ElGamal/MulScalar/4
Real Time	128083.36
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	5484

Shamir Secret Sharing

m\n

16.76 μs

Name	BP/Share/Shamir/10/2
Real Time	16755.73
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	41687

18.89 μs

Name	BP/Share/Shamir/10/3
Real Time	18887.16
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	35698

21.00 μs

Name	BP/Share/Shamir/10/4
Real Time	21001.69
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	33242

23.23 μs

Name	BP/Share/Shamir/10/5
Real Time	23234.51
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	30062

25.42 μs

Name	BP/Share/Shamir/10/6
Real Time	25422.88
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	27586

27.46 μs

Name	BP/Share/Shamir/10/7
Real Time	27455.16
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	25499

34.56 μs

Name	BP/Share/Shamir/20/2
Real Time	34559.92
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20231

38.86 μs

Name	BP/Share/Shamir/20/3
Real Time	38861.08
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	18024

43.19 μs

Name	BP/Share/Shamir/20/4
Real Time	43194.04
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	16136

48.17 μs

Name	BP/Share/Shamir/20/5
Real Time	48170.49
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	14725

51.97 μs

Name	BP/Share/Shamir/20/6
Real Time	51973.54
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	13552

56.23 μs

Name	BP/Share/Shamir/20/7
Real Time	56227.06
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	11907

52.45 μs

Name	BP/Share/Shamir/30/2
Real Time	52449.48
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	13318

58.90 μs

Name	BP/Share/Shamir/30/3
Real Time	58903.28
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	11935

65.69 μs

Name	BP/Share/Shamir/30/4
Real Time	65685.33
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10728

71.86 μs

Name	BP/Share/Shamir/30/5
Real Time	71859.56
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	9786

78.75 μs

Name	BP/Share/Shamir/30/6
Real Time	78746.16
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	8922

84.94 μs

Name	BP/Share/Shamir/30/7
Real Time	84942.24
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	8232

Horner's rule

m\n

256 bit field

0.50 μs

Name	BP/Share/Horner/3
Real Time	502.43
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	1414629

0.71 μs

Name	BP/Share/Horner/4
Real Time	712.16
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	975929

1.16 μs

Name	BP/Share/Horner/6
Real Time	1161.58
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	599818

1.58 μs

Name	BP/Share/Horner/8
Real Time	1583.25
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	442580

2.03 μs

Name	BP/Share/Horner/10
Real Time	2026.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	346604

3.33 μs

Name	BP/Share/Horner/16
Real Time	3325.99
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	211258

6.79 μs

Name	BP/Share/Horner/32
Real Time	6794.88
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	103329

secp256k1

84.00 μs

Name	BP/Share/ECHorner/3/3
Real Time	83997.50
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	8346

125.93 μs

Name	BP/Share/ECHorner/3/4
Real Time	125929.81
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	5557

210.58 μs

Name	BP/Share/ECHorner/3/6
Real Time	210581.51
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	3335

293.84 μs

Name	BP/Share/ECHorner/3/8
Real Time	293839.86
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	2381

382.80 μs

Name	BP/Share/ECHorner/3/10
Real Time	382798.33
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	1851

632.04 μs

Name	BP/Share/ECHorner/3/16
Real Time	632037.47
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	1112

1301.24 μs

Name	BP/Share/ECHorner/3/32
Real Time	1301239.25
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	537

Ed25519

128.37 μs

Name	BP/Share/ECHorner/4/3
Real Time	128371.99
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	5476

191.94 μs

Name	BP/Share/ECHorner/4/4
Real Time	191944.09
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	3634

320.31 μs

Name	BP/Share/ECHorner/4/6
Real Time	320305.57
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	2182

451.05 μs

Name	BP/Share/ECHorner/4/8
Real Time	451045.39
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	1562

580.04 μs

Name	BP/Share/ECHorner/4/10
Real Time	580037.68
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	1213

959.91 μs

Name	BP/Share/ECHorner/4/16
Real Time	959907.13
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	730

1985.57 μs

Name	BP/Share/ECHorner/4/32
Real Time	1985570.17
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	353

Lagrange interpolation

m\n

256 bit field

37.97 μs

Name	BP/Share/Lagrange/3
Real Time	37974.70
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	18604

54.55 μs

Name	BP/Share/Lagrange/4
Real Time	54549.84
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	12705

96.15 μs

Name	BP/Share/Lagrange/6
Real Time	96145.88
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	7239

147.84 μs

Name	BP/Share/Lagrange/8
Real Time	147841.29
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	4762

206.97 μs

Name	BP/Share/Lagrange/10
Real Time	206966.51
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	3353

435.99 μs

Name	BP/Share/Lagrange/16
Real Time	435991.91
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	1602

1362.48 μs

Name	BP/Share/Lagrange/32
Real Time	1362476.58
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	515

secp256k1

135.00 μs

Name	BP/Share/ECLagrange/3/3
Real Time	135004.94
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	5198

185.47 μs

Name	BP/Share/ECLagrange/3/4
Real Time	185468.59
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	3787

291.17 μs

Name	BP/Share/ECLagrange/3/6
Real Time	291169.66
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	2364

408.86 μs

Name	BP/Share/ECLagrange/3/8
Real Time	408863.04
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	1695

547.53 μs

Name	BP/Share/ECLagrange/3/10
Real Time	547531.48
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	1283

989.14 μs

Name	BP/Share/ECLagrange/3/16
Real Time	989144.59
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	709

2518.71 μs

Name	BP/Share/ECLagrange/3/32
Real Time	2518708.51
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	278

Ed25519

230.19 μs

Name	BP/Share/ECLagrange/4/3
Real Time	230189.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	3048

310.34 μs

Name	BP/Share/ECLagrange/4/4
Real Time	310340.32
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	2248

480.64 μs

Name	BP/Share/ECLagrange/4/6
Real Time	480638.41
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	1455

657.77 μs

Name	BP/Share/ECLagrange/4/8
Real Time	657771.13
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	1049

847.61 μs

Name	BP/Share/ECLagrange/4/10
Real Time	847607.98
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	816

1460.86 μs

Name	BP/Share/ECLagrange/4/16
Real Time	1460862.75
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	479

3413.71 μs

Name	BP/Share/ECLagrange/4/32
Real Time	3413707.69
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	204

Non-interactive Zero Knowledge

Protocol

Prover

Verifer

Proof Size

UC DL (secp256k1)

0.99 ms

Name	ZK/DL/Prover/3
Real Time	990663.29
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	710

0.79 ms

Name	ZK/DL/Verify/3
Real Time	785047.08
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	895

2.31 KB

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

UC DL (Ed25519)

0.91 ms

Name	ZK/DL/Prover/4
Real Time	910780.36
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	765

4.48 ms

Name	ZK/DL/Verify/4
Real Time	4480091.59
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	156

2.28 KB

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

DH (secp256k1)

0.08 ms

Name	ZK/DH/Prove/3
Real Time	79151.24
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	8796

0.14 ms

Name	ZK/DH/Verify/3
Real Time	142970.43
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	4930

0.07 KB

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

UC ElGamal Com (secp256k1)

2.69 ms

Name	ZK/ElGamalCom/Prover/3
Real Time	2694676.64
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	255

1.10 ms

Name	ZK/ElGamalCom/Verify/3
Real Time	1099081.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	637

3.09 KB

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

ElGamal Public Share Equal (secp256k1)

0.08 ms

Name	ZK/ElGamalPubShareEqual/Prover/3
Real Time	79587.55
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	8816

0.15 ms

Name	ZK/ElGamalPubShareEqual/Verify/3
Real Time	145398.89
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	4776

0.07 KB

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

ElGamal Com Mult (secp256k1)

0.26 ms

Name	ZK/ElGamalComMult/Prover/3
Real Time	264142.82
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	2691

0.37 ms

Name	ZK/ElGamalComMult/Verify/3
Real Time	370012.49
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	1873

0.13 KB

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

UC ElGamal Com Mult Private Scalar (secp256k1)

5.84 ms

Name	ZK/UCElGamalComMultPrivScalar/Prover/3
Real Time	5844177.13
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	121

1.02 ms

Name	ZK/UCElGamalComMultPrivScalar/Verify/3
Real Time	1019204.54
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	689

2.67 KB

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

Valid Paillier

23.56 ms

Name	ZK/ValidPaillier/Prover
Real Time	23560147.27
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	30

22.63 ms

Name	ZK/ValidPaillier/Verify
Real Time	22625715.06
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	31

2.58 KB

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

Paillier Zero

92.47 ms

Name	ZK/PaillierZero/Prover
Real Time	92474776.13
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	8

90.25 ms

Name	ZK/PaillierZero/Verify
Real Time	90247854.63
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	8

2.60 KB

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

Two Paillier Equal

90.81 ms

Name	ZK/TwoPaillierEqual/Prover
Real Time	90813571.37
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	8

185.79 ms

Name	ZK/TwoPaillierEqual/Verify
Real Time	185789870.50
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	4

5.61 KB

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

Range Pedersen (secp256k1)

332.72 ms

Name	ZK/RangePedersen/Prover/3
Real Time	332721280.50
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	2

17.69 ms

Name	ZK/RangePedersen/Verify/3
Real Time	17687592.47
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	40

71.31 KB

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

Paillier Pedersen Equal (secp256k1)

48.22 ms

Name	ZK/PaillierPedersenEq/Prover/3
Real Time	48223350.13
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	15

110.28 ms

Name	ZK/PaillierPedersenEq/Verify/3
Real Time	110278054.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	6

3.54 KB

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

Paillier Range Exp Slack (secp256k1)

382.15 ms

Name	ZK/PaillierRangeExpSlack/Prover/3
Real Time	382147671.50
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	2

118.08 ms

Name	ZK/PaillierRangeExpSlack/Verify/3
Real Time	118084242.67
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	6

75.11 KB

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

PDL

388.75 ms

Name	ZK/PDL/Prover
Real Time	388750573.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	2

128.48 ms

Name	ZK/PDL/Verify
Real Time	128482001.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	5

75.99 KB

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

Unknown Order DL

300.43 ms

Name	ZK/UnknownOrderDL/Prove
Real Time	300427086.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	2

297.79 ms

Name	ZK/UnknownOrderDL/Verify
Real Time	297790723.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	2

34.12 KB

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

Batched UC ZK-DL

Protocol

Prover

Verifer

Proof Size

secp256k1, n = 1

0.99 ms

Name	ZK/DL/Prover/3
Real Time	990663.29
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	710

0.79 ms

Name	ZK/DL/Verify/3
Real Time	785047.08
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	895

2.31 KB

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

secp256k1, n = 4

1.69 ms

Name	ZK/Batch-DL/Prover/3/4
Real Time	1689187.39
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	412

2.27 ms

Name	ZK/Batch-DL/Verify/3/4
Real Time	2266934.59
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	308

3.11 KB

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

secp256k1, n = 16

4.00 ms

Name	ZK/Batch-DL/Prover/3/16
Real Time	4001370.18
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	180

5.61 ms

Name	ZK/Batch-DL/Verify/3/16
Real Time	5608929.01
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	124

3.11 KB

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

secp256k1, n = 64

11.93 ms

Name	ZK/Batch-DL/Prover/3/64
Real Time	11928503.03
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	61

28.47 ms

Name	ZK/Batch-DL/Verify/3/64
Real Time	28465484.64
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	25

4.62 KB

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

Ed25519, n = 1

0.91 ms

Name	ZK/DL/Prover/4
Real Time	910780.36
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	765

4.48 ms

Name	ZK/DL/Verify/4
Real Time	4480091.59
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	156

2.28 KB

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

Ed25519, n = 4

1.59 ms

Name	ZK/Batch-DL/Prover/4/4
Real Time	1586106.35
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	438

14.69 ms

Name	ZK/Batch-DL/Verify/4/4
Real Time	14686907.85
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	48

3.06 KB

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

Ed25519, n = 16

3.85 ms

Name	ZK/Batch-DL/Prover/4/16
Real Time	3846602.47
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	179

48.54 ms

Name	ZK/Batch-DL/Verify/4/16
Real Time	48544416.43
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	14

3.06 KB

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

Ed25519, n = 64

11.80 ms

Name	ZK/Batch-DL/Prover/4/64
Real Time	11796763.52
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	58

272.30 ms

Name	ZK/Batch-DL/Verify/4/64
Real Time	272303840.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	3

4.55 KB

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

Valid Paillier

Challenge

Challenge Size

Prove

Size

Verify

P Total

V Total

Interactive

0.00 ms

Name	ZK/ValidPaillier-Int/V1
Real Time	734.64
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	955162

0.02 KB

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

9.76 ms

Name	ZK/ValidPaillier-Int/P2
Real Time	9757825.83
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	72

1.03 KB

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

9.25 ms

Name	ZK/ValidPaillier-Int/Verify
Real Time	9253947.73
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	75

9.76 ms

Name	ZK/ValidPaillier-Int/P2
Real Time	9757825.83
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	72

9.25 ms

Name	sum
Real Time	9254682.38
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	-1

Non-Interactive

N/A

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

N/A

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

N/A

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

N/A

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

N/A

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

23.56 ms

Name	ZK/ValidPaillier/Prover
Real Time	23560147.27
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	30

22.63 ms

Name	ZK/ValidPaillier/Verify
Real Time	22625715.06
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	31

Paillier Zero

Prove Msg1

Size

Challenge

Challenge Size

Prove Msg2

Size

Verify

P Total

V Total

Interactive

33.35 ms

Name	ZK/PaillierZero-Int/P1
Real Time	33350963.90
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	21

0.05 KB

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

0.00 ms

Name	ZK/PaillierZero-Int/V2
Real Time	2932.69
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	238045

0.01 KB

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

0.35 ms

Name	ZK/PaillierZero-Int/P3
Real Time	352126.48
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	1989

3.12 KB

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

35.27 ms

Name	ZK/PaillierZero-Int/Verify
Real Time	35269079.55
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

33.70 ms

Name	sum
Real Time	33703090.38
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	-1

35.27 ms

Name	sum
Real Time	35272012.24
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	-1

Non-Interactive

N/A

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

N/A

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

N/A

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

N/A

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

N/A

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

N/A

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

N/A

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

92.47 ms

Name	ZK/PaillierZero/Prover
Real Time	92474776.13
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	8

90.25 ms

Name	ZK/PaillierZero/Verify
Real Time	90247854.63
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	8

Two Paillier Equal

Prove Msg1

Size

Challenge

Challenge Size

Prove Msg2

Size

Verify

P Total

V Total

Interactive

35.71 ms

Name	ZK/TwoPaillierEqual-Int/P1
Real Time	35710676.95
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

0.00 KB

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

0.00 ms

Name	ZK/TwoPaillierEqual-Int/V2
Real Time	870.88
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	807160

0.00 KB

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

0.71 ms

Name	ZK/TwoPaillierEqual-Int/P3
Real Time	706417.73
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	992

0.00 KB

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

73.86 ms

Name	ZK/TwoPaillierEqual-Int/Verify
Real Time	73856583.78
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	9

36.42 ms

Name	sum
Real Time	36417094.68
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	-1

73.86 ms

Name	sum
Real Time	73857454.65
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	-1

Non-Interactive

N/A

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

N/A

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

N/A

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

N/A

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

N/A

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

N/A

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

N/A

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

90.81 ms

Name	ZK/TwoPaillierEqual/Prover
Real Time	90813571.37
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	8

185.79 ms

Name	ZK/TwoPaillierEqual/Verify
Real Time	185789870.50
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	4

Range Pedersen

Protocol

Prove Msg1

Size

Challenge

Challenge Size

Prove Msg2

Size

Verify

P Total

V Total

Interactive - secp256k1

130.61 ms

Name	ZK/RangePedersenInt/P1/3
Real Time	130608282.20
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	5

0.05 KB

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

0.00 ms

Name	ZK/RangePedersenInt/V2/3
Real Time	744.03
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	945277

0.01 KB

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

0.01 ms

Name	ZK/RangePedersenInt/P3/3
Real Time	6933.06
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	114707

27.88 KB

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

0.01 ms

Name	ZK/RangePedersenInt/Verify/3
Real Time	5928.57
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	112577

130.62 ms

Name	sum
Real Time	130615215.26
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	-1

0.01 ms

Name	sum
Real Time	6672.61
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	-1

Non-Interactive

N/A

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

N/A

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

N/A

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

N/A

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

N/A

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

N/A

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

N/A

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

332.72 ms

Name	ZK/RangePedersen/Prover/3
Real Time	332721280.50
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	2

17.69 ms

Name	ZK/RangePedersen/Verify/3
Real Time	17687592.47
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	40

Paillier Pedersen Equal

Protocol

Prove Msg1

Size

Challenge

Challenge Size

Prove Msg2

Size

Verify

P Total

V Total

Interactive - secp256k1

20.50 ms

Name	ZK/PaillierPedersenEq-Int/P1/3
Real Time	20498248.91
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	34

0.05 KB

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

0.00 ms

Name	ZK/PaillierPedersenEq-Int/V2/3
Real Time	875.44
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	796767

0.01 KB

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

0.36 ms

Name	ZK/PaillierPedersenEq-Int/P3/3
Real Time	355494.36
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	1973

3.81 KB

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

44.02 ms

Name	ZK/PaillierPedersenEq-Int/Verifier/3
Real Time	44023913.06
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	16

20.85 ms

Name	sum
Real Time	20853743.27
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	-1

44.02 ms

Name	sum
Real Time	44024788.50
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	-1

Non-Interactive

N/A

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

N/A

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

N/A

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

N/A

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

N/A

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

N/A

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

N/A

Name
Real Time
Time Unit
Iterations

48.22 ms

Name	ZK/PaillierPedersenEq/Prover/3
Real Time	48223350.13
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	15

110.28 ms

Name	ZK/PaillierPedersenEq/Verify/3
Real Time	110278054.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	6

PVE

Protocols \ Operations

Encrypt

Verify

Decrypt

Basic - RSA2048

11.06 ms

Name	PVE/vencrypt/Encrypt/0
Real Time	11057502.03
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	64

6.65 ms

Name	PVE/vencrypt/Verify/0
Real Time	6653068.42
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	105

7.36 ms

Name	PVE/vencrypt/Decrypt/0
Real Time	7360980.48
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	92

Batch(4) - RSA2048

18.79 ms

Name	PVE/vencrypt-batch/Encrypt/0/4
Real Time	18792360.73
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	37

14.19 ms

Name	PVE/vencrypt-batch/Verify/0/4
Real Time	14186117.59
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	49

14.91 ms

Name	PVE/vencrypt-batch/Decrypt/0/4
Real Time	14914456.77
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	47

Batch(16) - RSA2048

48.32 ms

Name	PVE/vencrypt-batch/Encrypt/0/16
Real Time	48315467.79
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	14

43.34 ms

Name	PVE/vencrypt-batch/Verify/0/16
Real Time	43339710.44
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	16

44.27 ms

Name	PVE/vencrypt-batch/Decrypt/0/16
Real Time	44272146.75
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	16

Basic - P-256

23.58 ms

Name	PVE/vencrypt/Encrypt/1
Real Time	23577897.60
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	30

12.89 ms

Name	PVE/vencrypt/Verify/1
Real Time	12894057.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	54

12.98 ms

Name	PVE/vencrypt/Decrypt/1
Real Time	12984881.72
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	54

Batch(4) - P-256

31.32 ms

Name	PVE/vencrypt-batch/Encrypt/1/4
Real Time	31317122.32
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	22

20.39 ms

Name	PVE/vencrypt-batch/Verify/1/4
Real Time	20392695.32
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	34

20.52 ms

Name	PVE/vencrypt-batch/Decrypt/1/4
Real Time	20523434.03
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	34

Batch(16) - P-256

60.77 ms

Name	PVE/vencrypt-batch/Encrypt/1/16
Real Time	60768859.58
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	12

49.60 ms

Name	PVE/vencrypt-batch/Verify/1/16
Real Time	49601299.14
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	14

49.84 ms

Name	PVE/vencrypt-batch/Decrypt/1/16
Real Time	49838800.71
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	14

Batch(2) Many (24-leaf access structure) -- mixed key

408.73 ms

Name	PVE/vencrypt-batch-many/Encrypt
Real Time	408727881.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	2

230.36 ms

Name	PVE/vencrypt-batch-many/Verify
Real Time	230359919.67
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	3

10.25 ms

Name	PVE/vencrypt-batch-many/Decrypt
Real Time	10252245.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	5

Base OT

Number of OTs

128

256

512

1024

2048

Step 1 (R → S)

6.16 ms

Name	MPC/OT/BaseOT/Step1_R2S/64
Real Time	6162652.03
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	112

12.34 ms

Name	MPC/OT/BaseOT/Step1_R2S/128
Real Time	12341149.79
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	57

24.66 ms

Name	MPC/OT/BaseOT/Step1_R2S/256
Real Time	24664910.18
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	28

48.85 ms

Name	MPC/OT/BaseOT/Step1_R2S/512
Real Time	48853801.86
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	14

97.67 ms

Name	MPC/OT/BaseOT/Step1_R2S/1024
Real Time	97672651.29
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	7

195.49 ms

Name	MPC/OT/BaseOT/Step1_R2S/2048
Real Time	195487110.25
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	4

Step 2 (S → R)

26.46 ms

Name	MPC/OT/BaseOT/Step2_S2R/64
Real Time	26460755.69
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	26

52.94 ms

Name	MPC/OT/BaseOT/Step2_S2R/128
Real Time	52935470.54
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	13

105.55 ms

Name	MPC/OT/BaseOT/Step2_S2R/256
Real Time	105545134.14
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	7

211.67 ms

Name	MPC/OT/BaseOT/Step2_S2R/512
Real Time	211667662.67
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	3

422.03 ms

Name	MPC/OT/BaseOT/Step2_S2R/1024
Real Time	422033616.50
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	2

844.74 ms

Name	MPC/OT/BaseOT/Step2_S2R/2048
Real Time	844742176.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	1

Step 3 (R output)

3.47 ms

Name	MPC/OT/BaseOT/OutputR/64
Real Time	3472050.92
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	202

6.92 ms

Name	MPC/OT/BaseOT/OutputR/128
Real Time	6915752.70
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	101

13.83 ms

Name	MPC/OT/BaseOT/OutputR/256
Real Time	13828252.78
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	51

27.65 ms

Name	MPC/OT/BaseOT/OutputR/512
Real Time	27652773.88
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	25

55.42 ms

Name	MPC/OT/BaseOT/OutputR/1024
Real Time	55420745.08
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	13

111.21 ms

Name	MPC/OT/BaseOT/OutputR/2048
Real Time	111208222.33
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	6

Starts with 256 Base OTs, then extends - 2048 OTs

msg

Total Time

round 1

24.56 ms

Name	Full-OT-2P/1/1/2048
Real Time	24557144.83
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	29

message 1

round 2

109.97 ms

Name	Full-OT-2P/2/2/2048
Real Time	109974688.17
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	6

message 2

round 3

18.23 ms

Name	Full-OT-2P/3/1/2048
Real Time	18225819.21
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	38

message 3

Output Round

0.77 ms

Name	Full-OT-2P/4/2/2048
Real Time	765386.71
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	917

Starts with 256 Base OTs, then extends - 4096 OTs

msg

Total Time

round 1

24.89 ms

Name	Full-OT-2P/1/1/4096
Real Time	24891171.93
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	28

message 1

round 2

111.39 ms

Name	Full-OT-2P/2/2/4096
Real Time	111389802.50
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	6

message 2

round 3

21.33 ms

Name	Full-OT-2P/3/1/4096
Real Time	21328210.15
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	33

message 3

Output Round

1.53 ms

Name	Full-OT-2P/4/2/4096
Real Time	1526620.55
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	457

Starts with 256 Base OTs, then extends - 65536 OTs

msg

Total Time

round 1

24.48 ms

Name	Full-OT-2P/1/1/65536
Real Time	24478931.45
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	29

message 1

round 2

146.97 ms

Name	Full-OT-2P/2/2/65536
Real Time	146971758.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	5

message 2

round 3

116.39 ms

Name	Full-OT-2P/3/1/65536
Real Time	116394489.33
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	6

message 3

Output Round

24.46 ms

Name	Full-OT-2P/4/2/65536
Real Time	24457345.96
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	28

Agree Random - 256 bits

msg

Total Time

round 1

70.98 μs

Name	AgreeRandom-2P/1/1/256
Real Time	70983.29
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

40.51 μs

Name	AgreeRandom-2P/1/2/256
Real Time	40510.84
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

message 1

round 2

1.02 μs

Name	AgreeRandom-2P/2/1/256
Real Time	1018.03
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

10.31 μs

Name	AgreeRandom-2P/2/2/256
Real Time	10309.76
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

message 2

round 3

0.57 μs

Name	AgreeRandom-2P/3/1/256
Real Time	570.33
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

0.65 μs

Name	AgreeRandom-2P/3/2/256
Real Time	648.94
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

message 3

Output Round

43.20 μs

Name	AgreeRandom-2P/4/1/256
Real Time	43200.54
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

49.10 μs

Name	AgreeRandom-2P/4/2/256
Real Time	49104.74
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

Agree Random - 1024 bits

msg

Total Time

round 1

71.39 μs

Name	AgreeRandom-2P/1/1/1024
Real Time	71386.51
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

40.79 μs

Name	AgreeRandom-2P/1/2/1024
Real Time	40787.69
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

message 1

round 2

1.06 μs

Name	AgreeRandom-2P/2/1/1024
Real Time	1057.36
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

10.58 μs

Name	AgreeRandom-2P/2/2/1024
Real Time	10576.08
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

message 2

round 3

0.82 μs

Name	AgreeRandom-2P/3/1/1024
Real Time	824.04
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

0.76 μs

Name	AgreeRandom-2P/3/2/1024
Real Time	760.54
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

message 3

Output Round

44.27 μs

Name	AgreeRandom-2P/4/1/1024
Real Time	44266.97
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

51.35 μs

Name	AgreeRandom-2P/4/2/1024
Real Time	51350.38
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

Agree Random - 4096 bits

msg

Total Time

round 1

70.50 μs

Name	AgreeRandom-2P/1/1/4096
Real Time	70502.65
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

40.02 μs

Name	AgreeRandom-2P/1/2/4096
Real Time	40018.65
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

message 1

round 2

1.06 μs

Name	AgreeRandom-2P/2/1/4096
Real Time	1061.18
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

10.47 μs

Name	AgreeRandom-2P/2/2/4096
Real Time	10467.21
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

message 2

round 3

1.16 μs

Name	AgreeRandom-2P/3/1/4096
Real Time	1164.76
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

0.96 μs

Name	AgreeRandom-2P/3/2/4096
Real Time	960.45
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

message 3

Output Round

44.42 μs

Name	AgreeRandom-2P/4/1/4096
Real Time	44421.33
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

52.92 μs

Name	AgreeRandom-2P/4/2/4096
Real Time	52915.50
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

Weak Agree Random - 256 bits

msg

Total Time

round 1

64.00 μs

Name	WeakAgreeRandom-2P/1/1/256
Real Time	63996.67
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

40.59 μs

Name	WeakAgreeRandom-2P/1/2/256
Real Time	40589.92
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

message 1

round 2

0.85 μs

Name	WeakAgreeRandom-2P/2/1/256
Real Time	854.96
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

10.42 μs

Name	WeakAgreeRandom-2P/2/2/256
Real Time	10417.03
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

message 2

Output Round

56.62 μs

Name	WeakAgreeRandom-2P/3/1/256
Real Time	56624.06
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

45.00 μs

Name	WeakAgreeRandom-2P/3/2/256
Real Time	45000.87
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

Weak Agree Random - 1024 bits

msg

Total Time

round 1

62.59 μs

Name	WeakAgreeRandom-2P/1/1/1024
Real Time	62593.39
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

39.71 μs

Name	WeakAgreeRandom-2P/1/2/1024
Real Time	39709.26
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

message 1

round 2

0.86 μs

Name	WeakAgreeRandom-2P/2/1/1024
Real Time	858.49
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

10.49 μs

Name	WeakAgreeRandom-2P/2/2/1024
Real Time	10492.39
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

message 2

Output Round

58.66 μs

Name	WeakAgreeRandom-2P/3/1/1024
Real Time	58655.47
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

48.17 μs

Name	WeakAgreeRandom-2P/3/2/1024
Real Time	48170.44
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

Weak Agree Random - 4096 bits

msg

Total Time

round 1

62.97 μs

Name	WeakAgreeRandom-2P/1/1/4096
Real Time	62965.81
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

40.20 μs

Name	WeakAgreeRandom-2P/1/2/4096
Real Time	40198.58
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

message 1

round 2

0.86 μs

Name	WeakAgreeRandom-2P/2/1/4096
Real Time	857.25
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

10.45 μs

Name	WeakAgreeRandom-2P/2/2/4096
Real Time	10446.69
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

message 2

Output Round

58.88 μs

Name	WeakAgreeRandom-2P/3/1/4096
Real Time	58883.73
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

48.67 μs

Name	WeakAgreeRandom-2P/3/2/4096
Real Time	48674.32
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

Generate SID (Fixed)

msg

Total Time

round 1

63.06 μs

Name	GenerateSID-Fixed-2P/1/1
Real Time	63055.42
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

40.80 μs

Name	GenerateSID-Fixed-2P/1/2
Real Time	40798.12
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

message 1

round 2

0.84 μs

Name	GenerateSID-Fixed-2P/2/1
Real Time	844.25
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

10.60 μs

Name	GenerateSID-Fixed-2P/2/2
Real Time	10604.14
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

message 2

Output Round

56.82 μs

Name	GenerateSID-Fixed-2P/3/1
Real Time	56818.61
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

45.06 μs

Name	GenerateSID-Fixed-2P/3/2
Real Time	45062.44
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

Generate SID (Dynamic)

msg

Total Time

round 1

64.01 μs

Name	GenerateSID-Dynamic-2P/1/1
Real Time	64005.47
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

40.15 μs

Name	GenerateSID-Dynamic-2P/1/2
Real Time	40154.41
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

message 1

round 2

0.84 μs

Name	GenerateSID-Dynamic-2P/2/1
Real Time	842.35
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

10.18 μs

Name	GenerateSID-Dynamic-2P/2/2
Real Time	10183.57
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

message 2

Output Round

58.77 μs

Name	GenerateSID-Dynamic-2P/3/1
Real Time	58767.61
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

47.78 μs

Name	GenerateSID-Dynamic-2P/3/2
Real Time	47776.15
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10000

Keygen

msg

Total Time

round 1

0.09 ms

Name	Schnorr-2PC-KeyGen-2P/1/1
Real Time	93492.40
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

0.07 ms

Name	Schnorr-2PC-KeyGen-2P/1/2
Real Time	67951.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

message 1

round 2

0.00 ms

Name	Schnorr-2PC-KeyGen-2P/2/1
Real Time	1034.80
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

1.14 ms

Name	Schnorr-2PC-KeyGen-2P/2/2
Real Time	1137140.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

message 2

round 3

7.99 ms

Name	Schnorr-2PC-KeyGen-2P/3/1
Real Time	7992907.30
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

0.00 ms

Name	Schnorr-2PC-KeyGen-2P/3/2
Real Time	2190.20
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

message 3

Output Round

0.06 ms

Name	Schnorr-2PC-KeyGen-2P/4/1
Real Time	59232.20
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

6.99 ms

Name	Schnorr-2PC-KeyGen-2P/4/2
Real Time	6994322.40
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

Refresh

msg

Total Time

round 1

0.07 ms

Name	Schnorr-2PC-Refresh-2P/1/1
Real Time	73451.22
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	200

0.04 ms

Name	Schnorr-2PC-Refresh-2P/1/2
Real Time	41856.67
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	200

message 1

round 2

0.00 ms

Name	Schnorr-2PC-Refresh-2P/2/1
Real Time	1055.98
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	200

0.01 ms

Name	Schnorr-2PC-Refresh-2P/2/2
Real Time	10165.10
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	200

message 2

round 3

0.00 ms

Name	Schnorr-2PC-Refresh-2P/3/1
Real Time	664.54
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	200

0.00 ms

Name	Schnorr-2PC-Refresh-2P/3/2
Real Time	701.16
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	200

message 3

Output Round

0.05 ms

Name	Schnorr-2PC-Refresh-2P/4/1
Real Time	46314.27
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	200

0.05 ms

Name	Schnorr-2PC-Refresh-2P/4/2
Real Time	53011.13
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	200

Sign - #Msg=1

msg

Total Time

round 1

0.09 ms

Name	Schnorr-2PC-Sign-2P/1/1/1
Real Time	91615.66
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	50

0.04 ms

Name	Schnorr-2PC-Sign-2P/1/2/1
Real Time	41853.52
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	50

message 1

round 2

0.00 ms

Name	Schnorr-2PC-Sign-2P/2/1/1
Real Time	1168.14
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	50

1.51 ms

Name	Schnorr-2PC-Sign-2P/2/2/1
Real Time	1508814.86
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	50

message 2

round 3

10.75 ms

Name	Schnorr-2PC-Sign-2P/3/1/1
Real Time	10751012.58
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	50

0.00 ms

Name	Schnorr-2PC-Sign-2P/3/2/1
Real Time	2562.64
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	50

message 3

round 4

0.02 ms

Name	Schnorr-2PC-Sign-2P/4/1/1
Real Time	18924.18
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	50

9.29 ms

Name	Schnorr-2PC-Sign-2P/4/2/1
Real Time	9289941.96
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	50

message 4

Output Round

0.21 ms

Name	Schnorr-2PC-Sign-2P/5/1/1
Real Time	206917.28
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	50

0.07 ms

Name	Schnorr-2PC-Sign-2P/5/2/1
Real Time	71515.48
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	50

Sign - #Msg=4

msg

Total Time

round 1

0.16 ms

Name	Schnorr-2PC-Sign-2P/1/1/4
Real Time	155379.22
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	50

0.04 ms

Name	Schnorr-2PC-Sign-2P/1/2/4
Real Time	43418.42
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	50

message 1

round 2

0.00 ms

Name	Schnorr-2PC-Sign-2P/2/1/4
Real Time	1060.92
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	50

1.94 ms

Name	Schnorr-2PC-Sign-2P/2/2/4
Real Time	1939039.64
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	50

message 2

round 3

19.96 ms

Name	Schnorr-2PC-Sign-2P/3/1/4
Real Time	19959288.30
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	50

0.00 ms

Name	Schnorr-2PC-Sign-2P/3/2/4
Real Time	2727.24
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	50

message 3

round 4

0.05 ms

Name	Schnorr-2PC-Sign-2P/4/1/4
Real Time	53638.84
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	50

18.17 ms

Name	Schnorr-2PC-Sign-2P/4/2/4
Real Time	18173543.06
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	50

message 4

Output Round

0.67 ms

Name	Schnorr-2PC-Sign-2P/5/1/4
Real Time	668448.20
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	50

0.08 ms

Name	Schnorr-2PC-Sign-2P/5/2/4
Real Time	78652.82
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	50

Sign - #Msg=16

msg

Total Time

round 1

0.41 ms

Name	Schnorr-2PC-Sign-2P/1/1/16
Real Time	414845.24
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	50

0.04 ms

Name	Schnorr-2PC-Sign-2P/1/2/16
Real Time	44905.78
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	50

message 1

round 2

0.00 ms

Name	Schnorr-2PC-Sign-2P/2/1/16
Real Time	1128.34
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	50

4.54 ms

Name	Schnorr-2PC-Sign-2P/2/2/16
Real Time	4538312.24
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	50

message 2

round 3

57.40 ms

Name	Schnorr-2PC-Sign-2P/3/1/16
Real Time	57402070.90
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	50

0.00 ms

Name	Schnorr-2PC-Sign-2P/3/2/16
Real Time	3200.62
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	50

message 3

round 4

0.19 ms

Name	Schnorr-2PC-Sign-2P/4/1/16
Real Time	187445.68
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	50

53.33 ms

Name	Schnorr-2PC-Sign-2P/4/2/16
Real Time	53326448.96
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	50

message 4

Output Round

2.27 ms

Name	Schnorr-2PC-Sign-2P/5/1/16
Real Time	2265455.38
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	50

0.11 ms

Name	Schnorr-2PC-Sign-2P/5/2/16
Real Time	111368.86
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	50

Keygen

msg

Total Time

round 1

206.40 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-KeyGen-2P/1/1
Real Time	206395166.10
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

0.07 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-KeyGen-2P/1/2
Real Time	66610.10
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

message 1

round 2

0.00 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-KeyGen-2P/2/1
Real Time	2750.70
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

1.26 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-KeyGen-2P/2/2
Real Time	1256798.45
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

message 2

round 3

17.30 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-KeyGen-2P/3/1
Real Time	17295237.90
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

0.00 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-KeyGen-2P/3/2
Real Time	2549.65
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

message 3

Output Round

0.13 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-KeyGen-2P/4/1
Real Time	134867.80
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

77.30 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-KeyGen-2P/4/2
Real Time	77295135.65
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

Refresh

msg

Total Time

round 1

84.33 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Refresh-2P/1/1
Real Time	84326627.80
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

0.05 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Refresh-2P/1/2
Real Time	45181.60
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

message 1

round 2

0.00 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Refresh-2P/2/1
Real Time	2008.30
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

0.50 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Refresh-2P/2/2
Real Time	499768.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

message 2

round 3

10.52 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Refresh-2P/3/1
Real Time	10520504.60
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

0.00 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Refresh-2P/3/2
Real Time	1352.55
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

message 3

Output Round

0.11 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Refresh-2P/4/1
Real Time	107079.30
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

85.99 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Refresh-2P/4/2
Real Time	85992319.90
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

Sign - #Msg=1

msg

Total Time

round 1

1.62 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-2P/1/1/1
Real Time	1619096.05
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

0.05 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-2P/1/2/1
Real Time	47012.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

message 1

round 2

0.00 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-2P/2/1/1
Real Time	1045.60
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

1.54 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-2P/2/2/1
Real Time	1541292.60
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

message 2

round 3

2.00 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-2P/3/1/1
Real Time	1996059.05
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

0.00 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-2P/3/2/1
Real Time	3003.10
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

message 3

round 4

0.00 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-2P/4/1/1
Real Time	4252.40
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

43.03 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-2P/4/2/1
Real Time	43027776.30
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

message 4

Output Round

23.51 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-2P/5/1/1
Real Time	23510582.40
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

0.09 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-2P/5/2/1
Real Time	86777.45
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

Sign - #Msg=4

msg

Total Time

round 1

2.02 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-2P/1/1/4
Real Time	2022996.60
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

0.05 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-2P/1/2/4
Real Time	52446.15
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

message 1

round 2

0.00 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-2P/2/1/4
Real Time	1055.10
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

1.95 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-2P/2/2/4
Real Time	1953237.30
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

message 2

round 3

2.93 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-2P/3/1/4
Real Time	2929964.30
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

0.00 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-2P/3/2/4
Real Time	3317.20
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

message 3

round 4

0.00 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-2P/4/1/4
Real Time	4826.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

166.42 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-2P/4/2/4
Real Time	166415081.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

message 4

Output Round

93.66 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-2P/5/1/4
Real Time	93661607.75
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

0.13 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-2P/5/2/4
Real Time	126699.40
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

Sign - #Msg=16

msg

Total Time

round 1

4.70 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-2P/1/1/16
Real Time	4702494.55
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

0.05 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-2P/1/2/16
Real Time	47509.20
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

message 1

round 2

0.00 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-2P/2/1/16
Real Time	968.30
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

4.74 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-2P/2/2/16
Real Time	4736822.20
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

message 2

round 3

6.90 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-2P/3/1/16
Real Time	6901837.80
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

0.00 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-2P/3/2/16
Real Time	3393.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

message 3

round 4

0.01 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-2P/4/1/16
Real Time	5814.35
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

661.47 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-2P/4/2/16
Real Time	661472464.15
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

message 4

Output Round

374.50 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-2P/5/1/16
Real Time	374497162.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

0.18 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-2P/5/2/16
Real Time	178384.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

Sign with Global Abort - #Msg=1

msg

Total Time

round 1

1.59 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-With-Global-Abort-2P/1/1/1
Real Time	1587674.80
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

0.05 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-With-Global-Abort-2P/1/2/1
Real Time	46972.50
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

message 1

round 2

0.00 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-With-Global-Abort-2P/2/1/1
Real Time	1082.15
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

1.53 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-With-Global-Abort-2P/2/2/1
Real Time	1529700.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

message 2

round 3

2.01 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-With-Global-Abort-2P/3/1/1
Real Time	2010263.65
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

0.00 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-With-Global-Abort-2P/3/2/1
Real Time	3247.30
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

message 3

round 4

0.00 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-With-Global-Abort-2P/4/1/1
Real Time	4123.20
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

13.08 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-With-Global-Abort-2P/4/2/1
Real Time	13076202.80
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

message 4

Output Round

0.00 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-With-Global-Abort-2P/5/1/1
Real Time	0.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

0.00 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-With-Global-Abort-2P/5/2/1
Real Time	0.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

Sign with Global Abort - #Msg=4

msg

Total Time

round 1

2.09 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-With-Global-Abort-2P/1/1/4
Real Time	2092521.40
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

0.05 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-With-Global-Abort-2P/1/2/4
Real Time	50363.40
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

message 1

round 2

0.00 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-With-Global-Abort-2P/2/1/4
Real Time	1016.95
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

1.97 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-With-Global-Abort-2P/2/2/4
Real Time	1972962.75
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

message 2

round 3

2.93 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-With-Global-Abort-2P/3/1/4
Real Time	2930521.45
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

0.00 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-With-Global-Abort-2P/3/2/4
Real Time	3150.95
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

message 3

round 4

0.01 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-With-Global-Abort-2P/4/1/4
Real Time	5029.05
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

47.08 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-With-Global-Abort-2P/4/2/4
Real Time	47083379.45
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

message 4

Output Round

0.00 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-With-Global-Abort-2P/5/1/4
Real Time	0.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

0.00 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-With-Global-Abort-2P/5/2/4
Real Time	0.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

Sign with Global Abort - #Msg=16

msg

Total Time

round 1

4.47 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-With-Global-Abort-2P/1/1/16
Real Time	4466864.40
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

0.05 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-With-Global-Abort-2P/1/2/16
Real Time	46531.05
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

message 1

round 2

0.00 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-With-Global-Abort-2P/2/1/16
Real Time	1106.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

4.65 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-With-Global-Abort-2P/2/2/16
Real Time	4648428.70
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

message 2

round 3

6.87 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-With-Global-Abort-2P/3/1/16
Real Time	6874863.45
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

0.00 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-With-Global-Abort-2P/3/2/16
Real Time	3660.45
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

message 3

round 4

0.01 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-With-Global-Abort-2P/4/1/16
Real Time	5524.20
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

183.70 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-With-Global-Abort-2P/4/2/16
Real Time	183699783.85
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

message 4

Output Round

0.00 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-With-Global-Abort-2P/5/1/16
Real Time	0.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

0.00 ms

Name	ECDSA-2PC-Sign-With-Global-Abort-2P/5/2/16
Real Time	0.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	20

Keygen

Total Time

round 1

0.25 ms

Name	Schnorr-MPC-KeyGen-MP/1/0
Real Time	249683.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	1

0.20 ms

Name	Schnorr-MPC-KeyGen-MP/1/1
Real Time	201212.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	1

0.22 ms

Name	Schnorr-MPC-KeyGen-MP/1/2
Real Time	223700.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	1

0.22 ms

Name	Schnorr-MPC-KeyGen-MP/1/3
Real Time	219008.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	1

message 1

round 2

1.71 ms

Name	Schnorr-MPC-KeyGen-MP/2/0
Real Time	1706226.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	1

1.67 ms

Name	Schnorr-MPC-KeyGen-MP/2/1
Real Time	1673755.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	1

1.59 ms

Name	Schnorr-MPC-KeyGen-MP/2/2
Real Time	1587804.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	1

1.63 ms

Name	Schnorr-MPC-KeyGen-MP/2/3
Real Time	1632508.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	1

message 2

Output Round

20.56 ms

Name	Schnorr-MPC-KeyGen-MP/3/0
Real Time	20556306.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	1

20.44 ms

Name	Schnorr-MPC-KeyGen-MP/3/1
Real Time	20443139.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	1

20.61 ms

Name	Schnorr-MPC-KeyGen-MP/3/2
Real Time	20605791.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	1

20.46 ms

Name	Schnorr-MPC-KeyGen-MP/3/3
Real Time	20460894.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	1

Refresh

Total Time

round 1

4.60 ms

Name	Schnorr-MPC-Refresh-MP/1/0
Real Time	4604676.50
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

4.67 ms

Name	Schnorr-MPC-Refresh-MP/1/1
Real Time	4667877.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

4.62 ms

Name	Schnorr-MPC-Refresh-MP/1/2
Real Time	4622586.80
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

4.58 ms

Name	Schnorr-MPC-Refresh-MP/1/3
Real Time	4578335.90
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

message 1

round 2

2.59 ms

Name	Schnorr-MPC-Refresh-MP/2/0
Real Time	2594831.30
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

2.61 ms

Name	Schnorr-MPC-Refresh-MP/2/1
Real Time	2610481.70
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

2.59 ms

Name	Schnorr-MPC-Refresh-MP/2/2
Real Time	2589388.20
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

2.59 ms

Name	Schnorr-MPC-Refresh-MP/2/3
Real Time	2591085.40
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

message 2

Output Round

70.18 ms

Name	Schnorr-MPC-Refresh-MP/3/0
Real Time	70175584.30
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

70.29 ms

Name	Schnorr-MPC-Refresh-MP/3/1
Real Time	70291682.30
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

70.24 ms

Name	Schnorr-MPC-Refresh-MP/3/2
Real Time	70241505.90
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

70.14 ms

Name	Schnorr-MPC-Refresh-MP/3/3
Real Time	70141406.30
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

Sign

Total Time

round 1

0.26 ms

Name	Schnorr-MPC-Sign-MP/1/0
Real Time	259206.30
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

0.25 ms

Name	Schnorr-MPC-Sign-MP/1/1
Real Time	250264.80
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

0.26 ms

Name	Schnorr-MPC-Sign-MP/1/2
Real Time	256420.20
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

0.26 ms

Name	Schnorr-MPC-Sign-MP/1/3
Real Time	264789.90
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

message 1

round 2

2.58 ms

Name	Schnorr-MPC-Sign-MP/2/0
Real Time	2576453.70
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

2.54 ms

Name	Schnorr-MPC-Sign-MP/2/1
Real Time	2535126.50
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

2.56 ms

Name	Schnorr-MPC-Sign-MP/2/2
Real Time	2560334.80
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

2.59 ms

Name	Schnorr-MPC-Sign-MP/2/3
Real Time	2594840.20
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

message 2

round 3

45.31 ms

Name	Schnorr-MPC-Sign-MP/3/0
Real Time	45306985.90
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

45.27 ms

Name	Schnorr-MPC-Sign-MP/3/1
Real Time	45267519.20
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

45.26 ms

Name	Schnorr-MPC-Sign-MP/3/2
Real Time	45258571.50
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

45.31 ms

Name	Schnorr-MPC-Sign-MP/3/3
Real Time	45307357.20
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

message 3

Output Round

0.53 ms

Name	Schnorr-MPC-Sign-MP/4/0
Real Time	525864.40
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

0.13 ms

Name	Schnorr-MPC-Sign-MP/4/1
Real Time	125737.40
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

0.13 ms

Name	Schnorr-MPC-Sign-MP/4/2
Real Time	129097.70
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

0.14 ms

Name	Schnorr-MPC-Sign-MP/4/3
Real Time	138429.40
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

Keygen

Total Time

round 1

0.18 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-KeyGen-MP/1/0
Real Time	178429.60
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

0.17 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-KeyGen-MP/1/1
Real Time	169485.80
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

0.18 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-KeyGen-MP/1/2
Real Time	175424.90
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

0.17 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-KeyGen-MP/1/3
Real Time	174596.70
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

message 1

round 2

1.33 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-KeyGen-MP/2/0
Real Time	1332531.10
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

1.33 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-KeyGen-MP/2/1
Real Time	1331520.70
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

1.33 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-KeyGen-MP/2/2
Real Time	1334134.60
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

1.34 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-KeyGen-MP/2/3
Real Time	1339905.10
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

message 2

Output Round

3.27 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-KeyGen-MP/3/0
Real Time	3269986.20
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

3.28 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-KeyGen-MP/3/1
Real Time	3276563.70
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

3.32 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-KeyGen-MP/3/2
Real Time	3322749.20
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

3.29 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-KeyGen-MP/3/3
Real Time	3290533.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

Refresh

Total Time

round 1

4.65 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Refresh-MP/1/0
Real Time	4651346.30
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

4.69 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Refresh-MP/1/1
Real Time	4694785.30
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

4.63 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Refresh-MP/1/2
Real Time	4632454.20
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

4.64 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Refresh-MP/1/3
Real Time	4636468.10
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

message 1

round 2

1.23 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Refresh-MP/2/0
Real Time	1227200.30
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

1.22 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Refresh-MP/2/1
Real Time	1221074.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

1.26 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Refresh-MP/2/2
Real Time	1255319.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

1.22 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Refresh-MP/2/3
Real Time	1219587.20
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

message 2

Output Round

11.24 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Refresh-MP/3/0
Real Time	11240241.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

11.24 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Refresh-MP/3/1
Real Time	11244293.50
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

11.23 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Refresh-MP/3/2
Real Time	11232928.40
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

11.43 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Refresh-MP/3/3
Real Time	11427666.90
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

Sign

Total Time

round 1

0.22 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Sign-MP/1/0
Real Time	217466.20
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

0.22 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Sign-MP/1/1
Real Time	218897.10
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

0.22 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Sign-MP/1/2
Real Time	215665.80
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

0.22 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Sign-MP/1/3
Real Time	223456.30
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

message 1

round 2

69.98 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Sign-MP/2/0
Real Time	69979919.30
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

47.29 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Sign-MP/2/1
Real Time	47288930.30
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

24.31 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Sign-MP/2/2
Real Time	24311325.80
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

1.33 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Sign-MP/2/3
Real Time	1334903.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

message 2

round 3

3.25 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Sign-MP/3/0
Real Time	3245907.60
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

163.47 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Sign-MP/3/1
Real Time	163466639.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

322.85 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Sign-MP/3/2
Real Time	322846080.60
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

484.41 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Sign-MP/3/3
Real Time	484414946.30
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

message 3

round 4

71.73 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Sign-MP/4/0
Real Time	71725132.30
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

49.88 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Sign-MP/4/1
Real Time	49879855.40
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

28.46 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Sign-MP/4/2
Real Time	28461770.30
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

6.96 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Sign-MP/4/3
Real Time	6960434.10
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

message 4

round 5

10.10 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Sign-MP/5/0
Real Time	10104526.30
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

12.73 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Sign-MP/5/1
Real Time	12734509.60
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

14.67 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Sign-MP/5/2
Real Time	14667171.40
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

17.41 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Sign-MP/5/3
Real Time	17414187.30
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

message 5

round 6

11.31 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Sign-MP/6/0
Real Time	11307799.60
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

10.15 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Sign-MP/6/1
Real Time	10153435.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

8.99 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Sign-MP/6/2
Real Time	8991917.90
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

7.81 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Sign-MP/6/3
Real Time	7810780.00
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

message 6

round 7

25.17 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Sign-MP/7/0
Real Time	25165720.60
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

25.23 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Sign-MP/7/1
Real Time	25233756.20
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

25.06 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Sign-MP/7/2
Real Time	25062884.90
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

24.76 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Sign-MP/7/3
Real Time	24760856.10
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

message 7

round 8

9.48 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Sign-MP/8/0
Real Time	9479449.50
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

9.47 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Sign-MP/8/1
Real Time	9474187.90
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

9.48 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Sign-MP/8/2
Real Time	9477849.50
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

9.46 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Sign-MP/8/3
Real Time	9463604.70
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

message 8

round 9

2.78 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Sign-MP/9/0
Real Time	2775011.80
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

2.78 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Sign-MP/9/1
Real Time	2775921.70
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

2.75 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Sign-MP/9/2
Real Time	2752144.40
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

2.75 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Sign-MP/9/3
Real Time	2745474.20
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

message 9

Output Round

2.85 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Sign-MP/10/0
Real Time	2850936.40
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

1.36 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Sign-MP/10/1
Real Time	1357586.80
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

1.43 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Sign-MP/10/2
Real Time	1427253.50
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

1.44 ms

Name	ECDSA-MPC-Sign-MP/10/3
Real Time	1440415.10
Time Unit	ns
Iterations	10

Benchmark Context

Basic Operation

Big Number

Elliptic Curve

Crypto -- Symmetric

Symmetric

Crypto - Public Key Encryption

ElGamal Commitment

Paillier

TDH2

Crypto -- DRBG

String

Number

Curve

Commitment

HMAC

Pedersen

ElGamal

Secret Sharing

Shamir Secret Sharing

Horner's rule

Lagrange interpolation

Zero Knowledge

Non-interactive Zero Knowledge

Batched UC ZK-DL

Valid Paillier

Paillier Zero

Two Paillier Equal

Range Pedersen

Paillier Pedersen Equal

PVE (Publicly Verifiable Encryption)

PVE

Base OT (Oblivious Transfer)

Base OT

Full OT (Oblivious Transfer)

2PC - Agree Random / Sid Generation

EdDSA 2PC

ECDSA 2PC

EdDSA MPC

ECDSA MPC